NUR 416 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Interstitial Lung Disease, Human Metapneumovirus, Human Parainfluenza Viruses
26 Feb 2020
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Document Summary
An acute viral infection occurring primarily in the winter & spring: respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) Most common cause: adenovirus, parainfluenza, human metapneumovirus. Rsv is the most common cause: 57,000+ hospitalizations/year, most common cause of hospitalizations in children <2 years, peak incidence is <3 mos, transmitted through direct contact with respiratory secretions. Rsv infection affects the epithelial cells of the respiratory tract: cells swell, protrude in to the lumen & lose their cilia. When bronchiolar mucosa swell, mucous & exudate build in the airways: that particular bronchiole can no longer function. Walls of the bronchi are infiltrated with inflammatory cells > peribronchiolar interstitial pneumonitis. Air trapping occurs due to obstructed lumina > hyperinflation, obstructive emphysema, & patchy atelectasis. Predictable progression of sx: rhinorrhea, cough, low grade fever, poor feeding, irritability, decreased activity, wheezing, retractions, crackles, dyspnea, tachypnea, diminished breath sounds, sx peak around day 5 of illness then slowly resolve. Ask how long the child has been having sx.
