NUR 416 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Preterm Birth, Multiple Birth, Birth Weight
31 Mar 2020
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Document Summary
Disorder of posture & movement from static brain injury perinatally or postnatally which limits activity. Motor disorders may be accompanied by disturbances of sensation, perception, cognition, communication & behavior. Non-progressive however clinical presentation changes over time as the brain matures: condition isn"t progressive, significance of limitation may become more pronounced as child gets older, because more milestones not achieving. Up to 70-80% of cases caused by damage to the developing brain before or during birth. Risk factors include: low birth weight, premature birth, multiple birth, maternal & perinatal infections, perinatal stroke, meningitis, encephalitis, trauma, jaundice. Spastic: most common, upper motor neuron muscular weakness, persistent primitive reflexes, ankle clonus, exaggerated stretch reflexes, contracture, hypertonicity with poor control of posture, balance & coordinated motion. Dyskinetic: damage to the cerebellum &/or basal ganglia, athetoid. Slow, twisting movements of trunk & extremities. Ataxic: damage strictly to the cerebellum, wide based gait, rapid, repetitive movements, disintegration of movements of upper extremities.
