NUR 416 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Human Leukocyte Antigen, Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Hyaline Cartilage
6 May 2020
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Document Summary
Autoimmune disease which causes inflammation in the synovium, joints, & surrounding tissue. Dx of exclusion: certain factors have to be excluded first, criteria include. Arthritis in one or more joints for >6 weeks. Pathophysiology: chronic synovial inflammation causing joint effusion, leads to erosion, destruction, & fibrosis of the articular cartilage. Cartilage becomes thinner and struggles to cushion the joint: some milder cases of jia resolve by adulthood. May have periods of wellness alternating with flare-ups. Genetic component: increased susceptibility in individuals with il2ra/cd25, ptpn22 gene, presence of human leukocyte antigen (hla)-b27. Protein on surface of wbc that allows immune system to differentiate between healthy body tissue & foreign substances. Presence of hla-b27 can cause the immune system to attack healthy cells. Stiffness, swelling, & loss of motion in affected joints: morning stiffness is characteristic. Affected joint may be warm & tender. Growth disturbances: leg length discrepancy, micrognathia.
