EPI 320 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Hazard Ratio, Forest Plot, Passive Monitoring
Document Summary
Cohorts: people w something in common = banded together = group, doesn"t manipulate the exposure, but watches outcome accumulate over time, inclusion exposure measurement outcome assessment, two types: past or future. Step 1: define the cohort, exposure and outcome v1: start w larger pop of interest, enroll random sample / whole pop, apply inclusion/exclusion criteria, age, gender/sex/medical history/disease status/similarity to exposed group, measure exposure status / create categories. Step 1: v2: exposed group and pick comparison group, enroll random sample from each group, apply inclusion/exclusion criteria. Step 2: baseline data collection: confirm exposure and outcome status, measure potential confounders, types: surveys/interviews, biologic sampling, clinical tests/measures, administrative data. Step 3: follow up: observation time, follow to see if/when outcome develops, active monitors vs passive monitoring. Step 4: analyzing cohort study data: can calculate relative risk and risk difference, calculate odd ratio too, hazard ratio = relative risk, show data using forest plot (left = negative assoc, right = positive)
