FISH 310 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Ocean Acidification, Ecophysiology, Calcification
10 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Guest Lecture: Jacqueline L. Padilla-Gamiño
Two primary factors in a rapidly changing world:
Global Warming
Increase on Earth's surface temperature due to greenhouse gases (CO2)
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Ocean Acidification
Decreased pH due to the absorption of atmospheric CO2
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Effects of low pH
Calcification
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Growth Rate
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Metabolism
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Ion Balance
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Biological Responses to Global Change
Geographic Range Shifts
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Acclimatization
Change physiology
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Adaptation
Over long time scales in populations
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Extinction
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Temperature and ocean acidification effects on growth, physiology and gene
expression of urchin larvae
Larval Length (mm)
When low CO2 there is higher larval length at both 13 and 18 degrees
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Respiration (pmol O2/hr/larvae)
At 18 degrees, when there is high CO2, there is a metabolic depression in
sea urchin larvae
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Adaptation potential to low pH
Is there genetic variation for pH tolerance?
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Are there differences in pH tolerance in different ranges of urchins
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Quantitative Breeding Experiment
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Response to high pCO2, varies among and within families
Provides hope in response to ocean acidification
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Mitigating the Effects of Global Change …
ORCA buoy
Measure everything you can possibly imagine
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Future work
Role that calcareous algae play in the modification of the pH microenvironment
of the epibionts
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Importance of Coral Reefs
Among one of the oldest ecosystems on Earth
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Support phenomenal biological diversity
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Coastal communities rely on coral reefs
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Coral reef services
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Physiological ecology and reproduction in a Hawaiian coral
Influence of parental conditions on coral offspring
Physiological characteristics
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Transmission of symbionts
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Effects thermal stress (bleaching) on coral reproduction
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Collecting the gametes: the design of the Ukupena net (Jackie's Coral Condoms)
Floating ring: hula hoop
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Sinking ring: allows net to self-adjust during the tide changes
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Anchoring ring: Heavy ring
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Collection included 162 people per year
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Parental effects: physiological phenotypes
Very different looking parents create children
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Different looking parents with different characteristics are producing exact
same offspring
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Symbiodinium diveristy in adults and eggs
Clade C may be preferentially transferred to the eggs
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Eggs different symbiont types and possibly different tolerances
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Current and future work with corals
Impacts of bleaching and sedimentation on coral reproduction
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In Montipora capitata, higher % bleached individuals with eggs
(hermaphrodites)
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In another species the opposite is true (male vs. female)
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Sex-specific variations
Males tend to bleach more
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Lecture 23: Ecophysiology and potential for
persistence in a changing ocean
Wednesday, May 23, 2018
11:22 AM
Document Summary
Lecture 23: ecophysiology and potential for persistence in a changing ocean. Two primary factors in a rapidly changing world: Increase on earth"s surface temperature due to greenhouse gases (co2) Decreased ph due to the absorption of atmospheric co2. Temperature and ocean acidification effects on growth, physiology and gene expression of urchin larvae. When low co2 there is higher larval length at both 13 and 18 degrees. At 18 degrees, when there is high co2, there is a metabolic depression in sea urchin larvae. Are there differences in ph tolerance in different ranges of urchins. Response to high pco2, varies among and within families. Role that calcareous algae play in the modification of the ph microenvironment of the epibionts. Among one of the oldest ecosystems on earth. Physiological ecology and reproduction in a hawaiian coral. Collecting the gametes: the design of the ukupena net (jackie"s coral condoms) Sinking ring: allows net to self-adjust during the tide changes.
