OCEAN 497 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Polychaete, Trophosome, Subduction
Document Summary
Zircons discovered in australia dated to be 4. 4 billion years old. Formation of ocean crust and the hydrosphere. Water/rock interactions (circulate elements vital for life) Transport of water and rock into mantle (subduction) Formation of minerals (vital chemical reactions to origins and maintenance of life) Multiple gradients (t, ph, salinity, chemical, mineral) Many microorganisms can live there, allows for many reactions. Support wide range of species, many symbiotic with microorganisms. Up to 3 m lengths and rapid growth rate. Plume accesses sulfide and oxygen which fuel sulfide oxidizing bacteria in the trophosome. Harbors endosymbionts in the trophosome, causes apoptosis. Once symbionts infect larvae, the trophosome develops. Heavy armor, allows it to be extremely resistant to compression. Unique enlarged esophageal gland never before seen in gastropods with gamma-protobacteria. Symbiosis in ancient marine animals is another example of ocean memory. Earliest metazoans evolved because of symbiosis involving nutrition. High concentrations of h2, ch4, and other hydrocarbons and organic acids.
