BIS 2B Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Mendelian Inheritance, Allele Frequency, Tyrosinase

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beigetiger594

22 Oct 2018

School

UC-Davis

Department

Biological Sciences

Course

BIS 2B

Professor

Mark Schwartz; Sharon Strauss

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BIS 2B Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Punnett Square, Mendelian Inheritance, Gamete

BIS 2B Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Mendelian Inheritance, Allele Frequency, Tyrosinase

BIS 2B Lecture 12: Problems to HW Deviation

Document Summary

Yes, most traits are polygenic with environ effects on expression. Nilsson-ehle (1909): effects of multiple loci on wheat chaff color. 3 loci (a, b, a), each with 2 alleles (a", b", c"), each contributes equally to color of chaff. When large enough number of genes influence a character, will have continuous, normal frequency distribution continuous variation = bell curve model. Did not observe his independent 25% per allele combination. Was close, but instead observed 41, 42, 9, and 8% distribution started mapping how far apart traits were by the frequency of crossovers linked traits vs. recombinants. Dunno what chromosomes or cell divisions are doing, infer a process traits on chromosomes, low frequency of crossover (cross, clip, segregate) where a part of chromosome 1 clips and latches onto chromosome 2, and vice versa = recombination. What is a population? same species interbreeding. Nat select acts on individual, but now we move to characterizing the population population genetics.

Related Questions

___1. Nationally, the most common cause of Down Syndrome is
a. nondisjunction of Chromosome 21 during meiosis
b. translocation of Chromosome 21 onto another chromosome
c. inversion of a large section of Chromosome 21
d. deletion of the Down Syndrome gene
___2. In humans, sex is determined by
a. The presence or absence of the Y chromosome
b. The ratio of X chromosomes to sets of autosomes
c. The temperature during fetal development
d. Which parent is stronger at the time of conception
___3. A translocation is
a. a chromosomal abnormality in which a piece of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to a different chromosome
b. an abnormality in which the chromosomes are translocated out of the nucleus
c. a condition in which the chromosome has broken in two places and come back together with the middle segment backward
d. an abnormality in which there is an extra copy of one chromosome
___ 4. In snapdragons, a red-flowered plant crossed with a white-flowered plant produces all pink-flowered offspring. But crossing two pink-flowered plants produces red, pink, and white in a 1:2:1 ratio. This is a good example of
a. Incomplete dominance
b. Dominance of the red allele over the white allele
c. Lethal effects of the pink allele
d. Sex-linkage of the flower-color alleles
___ 5. If a person with type AB blood marries a person with Type O blood, what blood types are possible in their children? (Assume this trait is a single-gene trait, not complicated by interaction with other genes).
a. A, B, AB, or O
b. A or B only
c. AB or O only
d. AB only 2
___6. In what phase of meiosis are haploid nuclei first formed? a. Anaphase I b. Metaphase II c. Telophase II d. Metaphase I e. Telophase I
___7. What is the phenotype of a heterozygous tall pea plant? a. tall b. Tt c. TT d. tt e. dominant
___ 8. If genes A and B are far apart on a chromosome, and A and C are close together, which of the following observations is expected?
a. Crossing over will occur more often between A and C than between A and B
b. Crossing over will occur at equal frequencies between A and C, and between A and B
c. Crossing over will occur more often between A and B than between A and C
___9. Sometimes an organismâs genotype for one gene masks the effect of a different gene. This phenomenon is called
a. Dominance
b. Incomplete dominance
c. Co-dominance
d. Epistasis
e. Variable expressivity
___10. The dominant allele of a gene is
a. The one that is expressed most often in a population
b. The one that is expressed most often in any particular cross
c. The one that is expressed in an individual that has two different alleles
d. The one that is most healthy to have, that gives the greatest fitness
___11. In human cells, DNA replication occurs
a. In S phase of interphase
b. In G1 phase of interphase
c. In G2 phase of interphase
d. In prophase of mitosis
e. Whenever the cell needs to read the DNA to make proteins
___ 12. A process in which recipient cells take up genes from DNA molecules floating free in the surrounding medium is called
a. conjugation
b. specialized transduction
c. generalized transduction
d. transformation 3
___ 13. Most calico cats are female. However, a few rare males are observed. What is the genotype of a male calico cat?
a. X BX 0
b. X OY
c. X BY
d. X BYY
e. X BX OY
___ 14. A type of red-green color-blindness is a sex-linked (X-linked) recessive trait in humans. Can a woman have this type of color-blindness?
a. Yes, a woman could be color-blind if her mother and father were both heterozygous.
b. Yes, a woman could be color-blind but only if she has an abnormal number of sex chromosomes.
c. No, women can't show sex-linked traits because they lack a Y chromosome.
d. No, women can't show sex-linked traits because they have two X chromosomes.
e. Yes, a woman could be color-blind if her father was color-blind and her mother was a carrier (heterozygous).

BIS 2B Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Mendelian Inheritance, Allele Frequency, Tyrosinase

BIS 2B Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Punnett Square, Mendelian Inheritance, Gamete

BIS 2B Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Mendelian Inheritance, Allele Frequency, Tyrosinase

BIS 2B Lecture 12: Problems to HW Deviation

Document Summary

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