BIS 2C Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Autotroph, Zygote, Organism
10 Aug 2018
School
Department
Course
Document Summary
Interactions w/ host, host genetics, environment affect microbiome. Changes in human ecology might affect human microbiome. Clean water, sanitation, c-section, pre-term antibiotics, rural vs industrial environment. Helicobacter pylori: causes ulcers; less prevalent in gut now. Characteristics that differentiate them from archaea & bacteria. Major eukaryote groups: protist, plantae, fungi, animals. Deep relationships among eukaryotes are still unresolved. Protists - microbial eukaryotes, not monophyletic; microbial eukaryotes are paraphyletic group. Colony - incomplete cytokinesis; cells remain attached, individual. Multicellular - division of labor, only specific cells reproduce. Has evolved several times in eukaryote groups. Equal splitting - mitosis followed by cytokinesis. Budding - outgrowth of new cell from surface of old cell (ex: yeast) Multiple fission - splitting into more than two cells; no cytokinesis. Spores - specialized cells that are capable of growing into new individual. All eukaryotic sexual life cycles have at least 2 steps. Fusion of haploid cells to produce diploid cell. Meiosis to reduce diploid cells to haploids.
