NPB 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Vascular Resistance, Antihypertensive Drug, Cardiac Output
2 Nov 2017
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Document Summary
Determinants of mean arterial pressure: co and tpr, map = co * tpr. Blood pressure is regulated by controlling: cardiac output, total peripheral resistance, blood volume. Short and long term control measures: short term adjustments are made by alterations in co and tpr, long term control involves adjusting total blood volume by restoring normal salt and water balance. The baroreceptor reflex is a short term mechanism for regulating blood pressure: negative feedback system, influences the heart and blood vessels to adjust co and tpr in a attempt to restore blood pressure toward normal. Other reflexes and responses influence blood pressure: water and salt balance, left atrial volume receptors, hypothalamic osmoreceptors, respiration reflexes, aortic and carotid o2 and ph chemoreceptors, cardiovascular responses driven by emotion and behavior, thermoregulatory responses, exercise responses. Increase co: blood redistribution, decrease tpr, relative small increase map. Prehypertension: category for blood pressures in the range between normal (120/80) and hypertension (140/90)
