BIO SCI 38 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Phineas Gage, Karl Lashley, Pineal Gland
18 Jul 2016
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Da vinci - took an ox brain and examined it, filled brains w/ wax, ended up with view of the ventricles. Eventually did this with humans - accurate model of what human ventricles actually look like. Descartes - pineal gland is where the mind (soul) comes from; only unilateral part of the brain. Soul controls the brain from its spot in the pineal. Phrenology - examining bumps on the skull that reflect psychology; bumps due to localized brain swelling . Phineas gage - personality change after injury to frontal cortex. H. m. - hippocampus damage caused specialized amnesia. Karl lashley - original rat maze experiment. Trained rats to run the maze & made incisions in their brains, still could navigate maze; memory loss is related to size of brain lesions, not location. Best guess today: distributed neural networks w/ functionally specialized nodes. Psychological processes come from dedicated neural circuits. Genetics - predispositions for psychological traits & disorders.
