BIO SCI 93 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Chloroplast, Choline, Lard
2 Oct 2016
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Lec 3: carbon and the molecular diversity of life. The rest are carbon based (carbon-carbon) along with h,p,o,etc. Carbon has 4 valence electrons and can form 4 covalent bonds, and has large variation in the arrangement with diversity in length, # of branches, double bonds, ring structures. Double bonds alo alter the properties of the compounds along with the length, branching, and containing rings. Is polar as a result of the electrons spending more time near the electronegative oxygen atom, and can form h bonds with water molecules, helping dissolve organic compounds like sugar. Ketone and an aldehyde may be structural isomers with different properties. These two groups are also found in sugars, giving rise to two major groups of sugars, aldoses and ketoses. Carboxyl: (c double bond to o and single bond to oh) Has acidic properties because the covalent bond between oxygen and hydrogen are polar. Also a carboxyl group, it is both an amine and carboxylic acid.
