BIOL 178 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Supraoptic Nucleus, Endocrine Gland, Paraventricular Nucleus Of Hypothalamus
6 Mar 2020
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Lecture #2 : the endocrine system (part one) Types of chemical communication: endocrine: cell secretes chemical that affects activity in distant cells. Definitions: hormone, released from endocrine cells, travels through the blood, causes a biological response. Interacts with specific target cells at some distance away: endocrine gland, ductless gland where hormones are released. Classes of hormones: peptides (water-soluble, steroids (lipid-soluble, amines, catecholamines, thyroid hormones. Avp is a man-made form of the hormone adh. Acts on the kidneys and blood vessels; prevent loss of water from the body by reducing urine output and helping kidneys absorb water into the body. Released in brain increased aggression, paternal behavior and social bonding. Released in response to increased blood osmolarity and decreased blood volume or blood pressure: oxytocin (ot) Acts on uterus smooth muscle contractions labor. Acts of breasts smooth muscle contractions milk letdown. Released within brain increased social behavior, trust, empathy, maternal behavior, and decreased fear.
