BSC 1005 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Sexual Reproduction, Asexual Reproduction, Germ Cell
Document Summary
Germ cells, homologues, alleles, chaisma, chromatids, synapsis, crossing over, Asexual reproduction produces genetically identical copies of the parent. Sexual reproduction involves the formation of sex cells (gametes), fertilization (fusion of gametes) and formation of zygote. Somatic cells do not play a direct role in reproduction. Ex: skin, blood, liver, muscle cells, etc. Germ cells are set aside for the function of reproduction. Ex: cells of ovary in a female produce eggs, testes in male produce sperms. These are the gamete or sex cells that play a direct role in reproduction. The two chromosomes that make up a matched pair in a diploid cell of an organism. One chromosome of this pairs inherited from the father, the other from the mother. Ex: 23 pairs in a human cell. Homologous chromosomes are of the same length, centromere position, and possess the same genes or alternative form of a gene. Diploid: cells with 2 sets of chromosomes.