ETHNOMUS 108B Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Villancico, Melisma, Zapateo
13 Dec 2016
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Lecture 5 04/12/2016
Spanish Influence in Latin America, Music of Nueva España, and Guerra de Sonidos
● 30 questions
● Polyphony first song of this week
● Definitions of the vocabulary: textures,
○ Polyphony, homophony
● Horb-Sachs classification system
● Terminology
● Geography
● FIND LISTENING LIST
● Titon, major instruments guest lecturer talked about,
● Main points of Aztec music article
Spanish Music Before and at the Time of Contact
● The “Western world”
○ Associated with Western Europe
● Spain “Western” but had been ruled by the Moors 711-1492
○ Morocco/ Mauritania
○ Islamic North Africans
■ Azucar, algodon, aceite, adobe, ojala, tarea, tambor, guitarra, atabal, laud,
panderete, rabel (Wixarika)
● Spain deeply factionalized/ regionalized
○ Still today somewhat
Two Influential Song Forms
● Romance
○ ballads/story songs
○ NOT romantic love songs
○ Sometimes telling of battles with Moors
○ Newspaper of the day
○ Composed as art songs, but became folksongs
■ Sometimes vice versa
○ Ex: Romance de Delgadina
○ Octosyllabic poetry: eight syllables per line
○ Decima: poetic form (ten lines)
● Villancico
○ A “folk” form originally
■ Later became for the elite class
○ Can be secular/sacred text
○ Became sacred music in colonial period (late 1500s on)
■ But in the vernacular (common language of the people)
○ Today known primarily as “Christmas carols”
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Spanish influence in latin america, music of nueva espa a, and guerra de sonidos. Titon, major instruments guest lecturer talked about, Spanish music before and at the time of contact. Spain western but had been ruled by the moors 711-1492. Azucar, algodon, aceite, adobe, ojala, tarea, tambor, guitarra, atabal, laud, panderete, rabel (wixarika) Composed as art songs, but became folksongs. Became sacred music in colonial period (late 1500s on) But in the vernacular (common language of the people) Various forms of stanzas (coplas) and refrain (estribillo) Polyphonic: multiple voices, multiple melodies happening at the same time. Increasingly set to polyphony at time of columbus. Not everyone is singing the exact same melody in unison. Ex: se ora de hermosura by juan del encina. Melisma: multiple notes/ pitches per syllable of text texture: polyphonic. Stay on one syllable and the pitch continues to move. Primarily documenting music of church and aristocracy. One of the first three missionaries in meixico.
