GE CLST M71A Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Sister Chromatids, Mendelian Inheritance, Allosome

• School: UCLA
• Department: General Education Clusters
• Course: GE CLST M71A
• Professor: Rensel, M.A.; Le Goff, A.G.; Panofsky, A.L.

Document Summary

Uv light (sun and skin cells, skin cancer) Viruses (uncommon in humans, more common in models and rodents) Only in specific affected tissues (eg. skin tissues, breast tissue) Affe(cid:272)t all (cid:272)ells (cid:271)(cid:272) (cid:272)o(cid:373)e fro(cid:373) ga(cid:373)etes (cid:894)does(cid:374) t (cid:373)ea(cid:374) e(cid:448)er(cid:455) (cid:272)ell (cid:449)ill e(cid:454)press the ge(cid:374)e(cid:895) Alleles pass from parent to child, mutation inheritance isn"t guaranteed either bc meiosis. Meiosis -> haploid join (fertilization) -> diploid zygote -> mitosis. Crossing over = homologous chromosomes exchange segments (sister chromatids are no longer identical) Independent assortment = homologous chromosomes line up on metaphase plate and position themselves independently on equator. Random fertilization = random combination of gametes, so offspring have variation. Meiosis results in gametes, reduce diploid cells to haploid. Crossing over, independent assortment, and random fertilization generate variation in genetic makeup of a zygote. Mostly bc of inherited mutations in tumor suppressor genes. Tumor suppressor genes that normally help cells sense & correct dna damage. More common in certain groups (ashkenazi jewish families)