LIFESCI 15 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Power Machines, Living Systems, Macromolecule
Document Summary
Living systems need: raw materials for growth, e(cid:374)ergy to do thi(cid:374)gs that (cid:449)o(cid:374)"t happe(cid:374) spo(cid:374)ta(cid:374)eously. How do we power machines: hydrocarbons automobile engines combust the hydrocarbons, forming new bonds, releasing energy that can be used, biofuels: natural oils from plants, sugar, or starches modified into ethanol. Macromolecule #1 lipids: primary function energy storage, features, not water soluble, major storehouses of energy, good insulators. One type of molecule we use for storing and generating useful energy: lipids: major types, fats/triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids. Because one or more of the hydrocarbon tails is sticking out, they are less compact and de(cid:374)se. Body"s e(cid:374)zy(cid:373)es ha(cid:448)e easier a(cid:272)(cid:272)ess to unsaturated fats and are more reactive: tends to be liquid at room temperature. Saturated fats: solid at room temperature, most animal fats are saturated (e. g. bacon grease, lard, butter). Unsaturated fats: liquid room temperature, most fish/plant fats are unsaturated (e. g. corn oil, olive oil). Q: ma(cid:374)y s(cid:374)a(cid:272)k foods (cid:272)o(cid:374)tai(cid:374) (cid:862)partially-hydroge(cid:374)ated(cid:863) (cid:448)egeta(cid:271)le oils.
