LIFESCI 3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Beta Barrel, X-Ray Crystallography, Endoplasmic Reticulum
Document Summary
Ls 3 - lecture 4 - protein biology ii. 4 different proteins/tertiary structures -> quaternary structure. 2 identical heavy chains & 2 identical light chains. Used to solve crystal structure of protein. Used to find out individual amino acids & primary structure, etc. Uses proteins as drug target & manipulate them. Look for diffraction patterns -> electron density map -> secondary structures & individual amino acids. Enzymes: proteins that catalyze reactions are called enzymes, proteins that act as highly specific catalysts speed up rate of reaction. Help energetically unfavorable reactions move forward: active site spatially brings together substrates and facilitates the reaction (amino acids bind onto substrates, swapping amino acids in active site could alter function of enzyme. Swapping between similar amino acids are fine (protein charts from last lecture!) Swapping between different categories is not ok. But no matter how similar the amino acids are, there could be a problem (specificity!: terminology. Name of enzyme indicates substrate or function.
