LING 1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Null-Subject Language, Implicature, Complementary Distribution
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What methods we use to answer them (most important) Mentalism: the object of study is a mental capacity: what"s in the head. Naturalism: the structure of this object can be inferred from an analysis of the ling behavior of speakers eg. judgements about well formedness, meaning. Formalism: hypothesis about the structure of this object are explicit formal models supposed to predict speaker"s (linguistics behavior. Individual grammars e. g. mine g>ds, a mental system and universal grammar. Perception input=meaning output=physical signal (sound, sign) input=physical signal output=meaning. How is it internally structured? it"s origin in an individual. Its relations with other mental faculties (questions about the modularity of mind) Phonology: phonemes, binary features and feature based rules. Morphology: morphemes, categories, heads and trees, right hand head rule. Syntax: categories, words, heads, phrase structure, condition c. Part of the rules are innate principles, present in every language e. g. existence of syntactic structure; organization into phrases, condition c,
