MATH 33B Lecture 6: Lecture 06

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17 Nov 2016
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Consider a first-order differential equation of the form functions of 2 variables. We look for implicit solutions of the form (cid:1842)(cid:4666)(cid:1876),(cid:1877)(cid:4667)+(cid:1843)(cid:4666)(cid:1876),(cid:1877)(cid:4667)(cid:1856)(cid:1877)(cid:1856)(cid:1876)=(cid:882) (cid:4666)(cid:883)(cid:4667) where (cid:1876) is the independent variable, (cid:1877)=(cid:1877)(cid:4666)(cid:1876)(cid:4667) is the unknown function of (cid:1876), and (cid:1842)(cid:4666)(cid:1876),(cid:1877)(cid:4667),(cid:1843)(cid:4666)(cid:1876),(cid:1877)(cid:4667) are two given ((cid:1876),(cid:1877)(cid:4666)(cid:1876)(cid:4667))= for some constant (cid:1488)(cid:4666) , (cid:4667) (cid:4666)(cid:884)(cid:4667) You should think of (cid:4666)(cid:884)(cid:4667) as a conservation law. It says that the function (cid:1876) (cid:4666)(cid:1876),(cid:1877)(cid:4666)(cid:1876)(cid:4667)(cid:4667) does not vary with (cid:1876). Let"s differe(cid:374)tiate (cid:4666)(cid:884)(cid:4667) with respect to (cid:1876). (cid:1876)((cid:1876),(cid:1877)(cid:4666)(cid:1876)(cid:4667))+(cid:1877)((cid:1876),(cid:1877)(cid:4666)(cid:1876)(cid:4667))(cid:1856)(cid:1877)(cid:1856)(cid:1876)=(cid:882) (cid:4666)(cid:885)(cid:4667) So the solution (cid:1877) has to be a solution to equation (cid:4666)(cid:885)(cid:4667) as well. We ask that equations (cid:4666)(cid:883)(cid:4667) and (cid:4666)(cid:885)(cid:4667) are the same. If (cid:1842)(cid:4666)(cid:1876),(cid:1877)(cid:4667) is differentiable in the second variable and (cid:3017)(cid:3052)(cid:4666)(cid:1876),(cid:1877)(cid:4667) is continuous on a rectangle (cid:1844)=(cid:4666)(cid:1853),(cid:1854)(cid:4667) (cid:4666)(cid:1855),(cid:1856)(cid:4667)={(cid:4666)(cid:1876),(cid:1877)(cid:4667):(cid:1876)(cid:1488)(cid:4666)(cid:1853),(cid:1854)(cid:4667),(cid:1877)(cid:1488)(cid:4666)(cid:1855),(cid:1856)(cid:4667)} This becomes then equality of mixed partials dictates. Let (cid:1842),(cid:1843),(cid:3017)(cid:3052),(cid:3018)(cid:3051) be continuous on a rectangle (cid:1844)=(cid:4666)(cid:1853),(cid:1854)(cid:4667) (cid:4666)(cid:1855),(cid:1856)(cid:4667). We say that the equation and if (cid:1843)(cid:4666)(cid:1876),(cid:1877)(cid:4667) is differentiable in the first variable and (cid:3018)(cid:3052)(cid:4666)(cid:1876),(cid:1877)(cid:4667) is continuous on (cid:1844),

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