CFD 1450 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Nocturnal Enuresis, Sickle-Cell Disease, Health Education
Bedwetting
• Nocturnal enuresis (bedwetting during the night)
o Occurs in 1 in 10 children.
o Affects more boys than girls at all ages.
o Usually has biological roots.
o Can be treated with medication or, more effectively, by using a urine alarm.
Illnesses in Middle Childhood
• Rates of illness rise during first two years of school because of
o Exposure to sick children.
o An immune system that is still developing.
• About 20–25% of U.S. children living at home have chronic diseases:
o Asthma, the most common, has increased steadily over past several decades.
o Severe illnesses (sickle cell anemia, cystic fibrosis, diabetes, arthritis, cancer,
aids) affect about 2% of U.S. children.
Interventions for Families with Chronically Ill Children
• Health education: parents and children learn about illness and how to manage it.
• Home visits: health professionals offer counseling and social support to parents and
children.
• Schools can accommodate special health and education needs.
• Disease-specific summer camps teach children self-help skills and give parents time
off.
• Parent and peer support groups can help families cope.
Unintentional Injuries in Middle Childhood
• Most common types of injuries:
o Motor vehicle accidents involving children as passengers or pedestrians
o Bicycle accidents
• Characteristics of effective injury-prevention programs:
o Modeling and rehearsing safety practices
o Targeting specific injury risks, such as traffic safety
o Emphasizing helmet use while bicycling, in-line skating, skateboarding, or
using scooters
o Taking steps to alter high-risk factors in families of highly active, impulsive
children
Health Education for School-Age Children
• School-age period is especially important for fostering healthy lifestyles.
o Gap remains between knowledge of health information and children’s
behavior.
o Adults should work to reduce environmental health risks.
o Parents and teachers must model and reinforce good health practices.
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