HIST 1351 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, Topeka, Kansas, Southern Manifesto
Document Summary
The battle for civil rights: the road to legal and social equality 1954-1961. Fighting legal racial discrimination: african americans were the largest minority population at the time, naacp, founded in 1909. De jure racial segregation de facto segregation. Segregation is written into the law (de jure) Segregation that is not necessarily written into the law (de facto: brown vs. board of education of topeka, ks, 1954. Trained lawyers to go out and challenge the plessy vs. ferguson decision. The executive branch are the ones who have to enforce this. Southern reaction to decision: southern manifesto, 1955. Group of 101 congressmen and senators and they sign this manifesto saying that the court"s decision was unconstitutional. The manifesto has no legal standing or bearing: white citizens" councils. Eisenhower enforces brown vs board, 1957: little rock, arkansas. 9 african american students selected for their academic achievement to be the first to integrate the little rock high school: civil rights act of 1957.
