HIST 1351 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Standard Oil, George Westinghouse, Henry Bessemer
Industrialization in America
Key Words to know: Thomas Edison, George Westinghouse, Henry Bessemer, George Bissell, Agriculture
Revolution, Industrial Revolution, Andrew Carnegie (1835-1919), John D. Rockefeller (1839-1937),
Horizontal and Vertical Integration, Social Darwinism, Standard Oil Company, and Robber Barons.
1. An Industrial Revolution.
a. Started from farms and transferred into factories.
b. There was three major industries in the Revolution.
i.Steel
ii.Oil
iii.Railroads
2. Two American Captains of Industries: Rise of the Corporations.
a. The Steel Baron
b. The Oil Man
• The Era of the Industrial Revolution
o Great Britain: 1760-1850
o United States: 1850-1900
• England started the sparks of the Industrial Era began.
o Textile was the first big move in industries.
o Cotton in England came from US Colonies.
• In 1850, the US started to industrialized.
o US took half the time Britain did.
• Other countries just started industrializing here lately.
o China did not start until 1990's.
Industrialization is when a country goes from ALL farm to an industry place.
You cannot have an Industrial Revolution without an Agriculture Revolution.
How are they connected?
-Need to improve agriculture, need to make it more efficient, & starting to use more technology.
• In 1860- 50% of workers were self employed.
• In 1900- 70% of workers for someone else.
o 20% decrease in farming/self employment.
Agriculture Revolution and how it works.
Greater Efficiency -------------------------------> Cheaper Food
\/ \/
Fewer People Needed Larger Families
\ /
Surplus Labor
• More efficient: Produces more food which lowers prices.
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Document Summary
Key words to know: thomas edison, george westinghouse, henry bessemer, george bissell, agriculture. Revolution, industrial revolution, andrew carnegie (1835-1919), john d. rockefeller (1839-1937), Horizontal and vertical integration, social darwinism, standard oil company, and robber barons. There was three major industries in the revolution. i. steel ii. oil iii. railroads. Two american captains of industries: rise of the corporations. England started the sparks of the industrial era began. Textile was the first big move in industries. Industrialization is when a country goes from all farm to an industry place. You cannot have an industrial revolution without an agriculture revolution. Need to improve agriculture, need to make it more efficient, & starting to use more technology. In 1860- 50% of workers were self employed. In 1900- 70% of workers for someone else. Immigration is also adding on to the population, bringing people into the us, as well. Growing population: growing more food/ all help comes from the agricultural revolution.
