BIOL 1102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Gregor Mendel, Blending Inheritance, Phenotypic Trait
Document Summary
Blending model of inheritance: all traits of parents are blended in their offspring. Some traits seem to skip a generation. Gregor mendel: austrian monk, published results in 1865, trained as a physicist so had a quantitative background. Began breeding peas to study patterns of inheritance. Father of modern genetics: particulate model of inheritance. Mendel"s idea: parents pass discrete particles (alleles) to their offspring that do not physically blend with other particles. Two of each chromosome/gene: homologous chromosomes. A pair of the same chromosomes, one copy from each parent: haploid. One of each chromosome, half the number you need: gametes. If not, chromosome number would double each generation: gene. Sequence of dna that codes for a specific protein: alleles. Different forms of the same gene: phenotype. Tall, short, fast, slow, blue: genotype. A two-letter combination of alleles (aa or bb: allele pairings. There are two alleles in diploid cells: zygote. Two copies of the same allele (ll or ll: heterozygous.
