BIOL 1102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Uterine Fibroid, Ovarian Cancer, Syndactyly
Document Summary
Is what happens to normal cells that are damaged or not functioning. If the i(cid:373)(cid:373)u(cid:374)e syste(cid:373) does(cid:374)"t get the(cid:373), (cid:373)a(cid:374)y cells (cid:449)ill kill the(cid:373)sel(cid:448)es: syndactyly: apoptosis fails. Fingers or toes remain jointed together: normal control of cell division, one cells sends a signaling molecule to another cell, signaling molecule binds to receptor on target cell, receptor sends proteins to nucleus, dna is copied. Cancer genes: tumor suppressor genes, make proteins that stop cell division and kill cells, brca1 and brca2, dna repair genes. Some alleles greatly increase breast cancer and ovarian cancer risk: p53 regulatory protein. Many cancers linked to mutations in this gene: tumor (neoplasm, abnormal growth of tissue. Does not have to be cancerous: benign tumor, harmless tumors that do not spread to other tissues (ex. All energy devoted to cell division: metastasis: when cancer cells spread to other parts of the body. Rough cell surface: cells do(cid:374)"t stick together.
