BIOL 1107 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Gamete, Reciprocal Cross, Mitosis
Document Summary
Initial information for forming of these traits is the gene. Heredity is the transmission of traits from parents to their offspring. A trait is any characteristic of an individual (expression involving protein molecules) R and r represent the expression of a gene. During mendel"s time, 2 hypotheses have been formulated: blending inheritance- parental traits blend so that their offspring have intermediate traits, inheritance of acquired characteristics - parental traits are modified through use and then passed on. Mendel chose peas as the first model organism in genetics because they were: inexpensive and easy to grow, have a short generation time, produce large number of seeds etc. Male organs produce pollen grains which make sperm and female organs produce eggs. Mendel was able to control the process of fertilization through cross fertilization. Looked at physical expressions, an individual"s observable features which is called phenotype. Mendel was the first one to say that this was not random, and was predictable.
