BIOL 1108 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Neoptera, Centipede, Mantophasmatidae
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Evolutionary history: how many animals are there, 1. 5 (cid:373)illio(cid:374) spe(cid:272)ies ha(cid:448)e (cid:271)ee(cid:374) (cid:858)des(cid:272)ri(cid:271)ed(cid:859, an estimated 5-30+ million species exist, where do animals occur, everywhere, some interesting habitats include, caves, deep rift vents, moss on trees, beer coasters. In this hypothesis, sponges are a monophyletic group that is sister to all other animals. In this hypothesis, sponges are a paraphyletic group that populates two successive branches on the tree. Only some sponges are sister to other animals: both have multicellularity, gastrulation and collagen as separating them from choanoflagellates. In 2nd hypothesis, also have epithelia, molecular sequence characters as defining second branch: po(cid:374)ges (cid:862)porifera(cid:863, multicellular, sessile animals, sponge feeding cell: choanocyte, water current into interior of sponge, water current out of sponge. Jellyfish: bilateral, one plane of symmetry, left and right side, top and bottom, front and back ends, like a car, ex.
