MCB 2210 Lecture Notes - Lecture 28: Ctla-4, Fibroblast, Cancer Stem Cell
6 Dec 2016
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Document Summary
Cancer cells: cancer cells are defined by two heritable properties: They reproduce in defiance of the normal restraints on cell growth and division. They invade and colonize territories normally reserved for other cells: a normal cell that grows and proliferates out of control will give rise to a tumor (a neoplasm) or new growth. Lof in tumor-suppressor genes: tumor suppressor genes encode proteins that inhibit cell proliferation by several mechanisms, prominent tumor-suppressors include: Proteins that regulate or inhibit cell cycle progression (rb protein that inhibits progression from g1 to s. Receptors or signal transducers for hormones or developmental signals (tgf-beta) Checkpoint control proteins that arrest the cell cycle if dna is damaged or chromosomes are abnormal (p53 guardian of the genome ) Proteins that promote apoptosis (programmed cell death) Enzymes that function in dna repair which are encoded by caretaker genes.
