PHIL 1101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Confirmation Bias, Ad Hominem
Document Summary
Outline: grounds for belief, three kinds of justification, a little bit of grammar, what is an argument, assessing arguments: soundness and validity, examples, some famous fallacies, grounds for belief . Why do you (i, they, etc. ) think that? . Grounds that justify a belief in some way. I was brought up to think this way , and the like cite causal/historical grounds, not grounds that justify belief. Evidence showing the belief either likely or certain to be true. Considerations showing that adopting the belief in question is in one"s best interest. Moral justification: a little bit of grammar. Three main grammatical moods of the world"s languages (both natural and artificial): indicative, imperative, interrogative: arguments. An argument is a line of reasoning purporting to establish a conclusion. It consists of a set of propositions, including premises and a conclusion. A proposition is what is expressed by an indicative sentence (no matter the language)
