PNB 2250 Lecture 20: Week 8 - Lecture 20 - Osmotic Regulation
10 Nov 2016
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U(cid:374)dersta(cid:374)d ho(cid:449) a(cid:374)i(cid:373)als adapt (cid:894)or do(cid:374)"t(cid:895) to cha(cid:374)ges i(cid:374) os(cid:373)olarity. Understand what organ systems help animals adapt to osmolarity changes. Metabolic wastes: digestive wastes, respiratory wastes. Excretion vs. osmoregulation: excretion elimination of metabolic waste products. Nitrogenous waste: osmoregulation regulation of h2o and ion balance throughout the body. All animal cells are filled with and surrounded by dilute saline solutions: reflective of the sea-based origin of life. Animals vary in their ability to tolerate greater changes in water and solutes. In many animals, excretion and osmoregulation are managed by the same organs. Physiology of osmoregulatory organs: rid the body of potential toxins, maintain the correct concentrations of solutes and water to support life, processes affect all animal cells and physiological processes. Osmolarity: solute chemical dissolved in solvent, water acts as a solvent. Solutes occupy space within solvent: osmolarity measure of solutes/liter of water. Constant body fluid osmolarities: solutes & water move down concentration gradients.
