EARTH 7 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Avialae, Coprolite, Permineralization
Rec Classes:
Earth 2 phys geology
Earth 20 geological catastrophes
Expected to know:
Cladogram #1
→ tetrapods and up
#2 Know all
#3 what makes saurischians and sauropodomorphs
- What the different groups are that are in Coelurosaurs
- Know sequence from theropods, know groups and stuff from coelurosaurs
Last one
- additional things are from archaeopteryx (earliest bird), what makes birds birds and how
did birds change over time? In order
- Difference between avialae and aves
Science = intellectual openness
What u really need to know abt rocks:
- Igneous rocks
- Sedimentary rocks
- Process by which fossils are made
- Lithification = turning into rock
Fossilization
1. Permineralization
a. New mineral
2. Replacement
Types of Fossils
- Body fossils
- Part of organism
- E.g., bone
- Trace fossils
- Evidence of activity
- Trackways (footprints)
- Feces (coprolites)
- eggs/nests
- Burrows
Where to look for dino fossils?
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
What the different groups are that are in coelurosaurs. Know sequence from theropods, know groups and stuff from coelurosaurs. What u really need to know abt rocks: Where to look for dino fossils: right type of rock, areas with good exposure, right paleoenvironment, right time period. Defining characters are sometimes lost (secondary loss) End permian mass extinction, potential causes, formation of pangaea. Large size and quadrupedal evolved within dinosaurs many times independently. Dinosaurs not dominant until after 250ma mass extinction. Ankylosaurians (dorsal shields) ankylosaurids (horns and clubbed tails) vs. nodosaurids. Evidence that domes were used as battering rams" scars/lesions on dome. Low jaw joint helps bring together altogether, herbivory trend, chewing. Jurassic = no flowering plants, started in cretaceous, duckbilled dinosaurs go up with flowering plants. Small and bipedal to large and quadrupedal. Long necks, neck vertebrae lengthened, more vertebrae. Even longer neck at least 10 vertebrae. Large things not as much problem losing heat.
