LING 15 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Language Change, Pragmatics, Phonetics
Document Summary
(cid:863)desti(cid:374)atio(cid:374)(cid:863) a(cid:374)d (cid:862)last stop(cid:863) (cid:373)ea(cid:374) sa(cid:373)e thi(cid:374)g (cid:271)ut ha(cid:448)e slightl(cid:455) different meanings. Semantics- words and phrases link to concepts. Pragmatics- people use language with intent that others uncover. Indexical meaning: social meaning that can be found in expressions. Expressing some concepts in terms of some other concept. Third order of symbolism: extending symbolic scope of expressions. E(cid:454): (cid:862)fa(cid:272)e of the (cid:373)ou(cid:374)tai(cid:374)(cid:863) , (cid:862)(cid:373)outh of the ri(cid:448)er(cid:863) , (cid:862)ti(cid:373)e is (cid:373)o(cid:374)e(cid:455)(cid:863) Consciousness: wake up vs fall into a coma. Control: on top of things, oversee vs fall from power, work under. Status: rise to top, upper-class vs at bottom of society, lower-class. Virtue: high-minded, above all that vs stoop to that level. Culture: beliefs & practices shared by some community (including language) Organization of categories: color terms; diff cultures have diff color terms. Mappi(cid:374)g of (cid:272)o(cid:374)(cid:272)epts to s(cid:455)(cid:373)(cid:271)ols differ a(cid:272)ross (cid:272)ultures (cid:272)o(cid:374)(cid:272)epts & symbols are independent.
