BIMM 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Histone H1, Deoxyribonuclease I, Deoxyribonuclease
8 Jun 2020
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Document Summary
Ubiquitination: result of ubiquitin- proteasome system used to degrade proteins in the cell, transcriptional activation (+) charged a. a binds to (-) charged. Euchromatin: increase transcriptional activity, histone acetyltransferases (hats)= turn genes on by adding acetyl groups, histone deacetylases (hdacs) = turn genes off by removing acetyl groups. H3k4 me3 (trimethylation) turned on for aging process. H3k9 me3 (trimethylation) recruits hp1 & methylase which causes h3k9 me3. Dna demethylases remove methyls to turn genes on. Dna methylases add methyls to turn genes off. Increase gene expression: heterochromatin euchromatin, highly concentrated at promoters and, decrease gene expression, euchromatin heterochromatin, highly concentrated at telomeres and enhance centromeres, recruits heterochromatin bind protein. 1 (hp1) works to methylate: hp1 + methylase= structurally more condensed heterochromatin state. Uhrf1: recruits dnmt1 (dna methyltransferase to tumor suppressor genes to suppress their functions, high levels indicate cancer, uhrf-1 mutants decrease dnmt1 activity, less methylation and increased expression of tumor suppressor genes.
