MMW 12 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Arabian Peninsula, Emperor Gaozu Of Han, Amsar
17 Feb 2017
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Mmw 12 lecture 16 early caliphates rashidun and umayyad. Two titles: caliph deputy of god" and commander of the faithful". Rashidun caliphs mostly chosen by shura, consultation": compare: court conference in han china. Dhimmis: those accorded protection", non-muslims tolerated, required to pay jizya tax. Improvement for some christians who were deemed heretics by byzantine emperors. Quran: sometimes ambiguous: not a text of law, changes, highest authority. Hadith: sometimes contradictory: many examples of what muhammad said/what he did, can fill in some of the blanks of the quran, chains of transmission that can be called into doubt. Sunna: tradition of the community, but which community: all muslims have done something this way, so we should continue doing it. Analogy: but what is analogous: historical analogy to modern situation. Ex: horseback prayer exemptions to plane prayer exemptions. Problematic process, so interpretations vary, there is no pope, no recognized hierarchy, no final authority.
