MMW 15 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Kwame Nkrumah, Sukarno, Ngo Dinh Diem
2 Jun 2018
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Lecture 20 – Decolonization or National Liberation and
the Third World
❖ Introduction: The Post-War World Order outside the West
• Deoloizatio ad reatio of the Third World
o By 1960s self-governing nation states replaced (European) empires for
most colonial peoples
o Potential for more democratic/horizontal world order?
▪ Nehru: takig their rightful plae i the e gloal order of
national self-determination
• The “truggle oer Deoray i the Third World
o Towards a more inclusive Enlightenment project?
o From optimism to frustration: obstacles for post-colonial nation states
o Trouled relatioship etee deoray ad the third orld
o Case studies of problems, solutions, successors, and failures
• European Colonialism in 1945
• Why did it end?
o Europe lettig go = deoloizatio
o Coloies push fro elo = atioal lieratio
❖ Deoloizatio: Europe Lettig go
• Attitudes of the Colonial Powers
o Britain: let go, except settler colonies
o France: home rule and resistance at first
o Netherlands, Belgium, and Portugal: resistance
▪ Once great powers who were reduced to smaller power status
and their colonies were the last holdings from that powerful
history
o Impact of differing attitudes:
▪ Level of violence
▪ Influence of communism
• Why did the Europea poers let go?
o U.S. and Soviet pressure
o Economic motives
❖ Natioal Lieratio: The Coloies’ push fro elow
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