PSYC 105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 26: Deep Structure And Surface Structure, Divergent Thinking
Document Summary
Analogical paradox: participants in experiments focus on surface features and are less likely to solve problems, people in the real world use structural features. People are observed to determine how they solve problems in the real world: advantage: naturalistic setting, disadvantages: time-consuming, cannot isolate and control variables. Researchers use analogies often in lab meetings, board meetings, etc. How experts solve problems: experts solve problems in their field faster and with higher success than beginners, experts use analogies. Group of engineers were heard using analogies every 5 minutes: experts possess more knowledge about their fields. Memory for chess boards: knowledge is organized so it can be accessed when needed to work on a problem. Expert: deep structure: spend more time analyzing a problem, no better than novices when given problems outside of their field, less likely to be open to new ways of looking at problems. Creative problem-solving: how to define or measure creativity, creativity.
