BHAN332 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Operant Conditioning
11 Jan 2017
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Motivation: involves biological, social, and cognitive forces that activate behavior. Motivations arise from outside of the individual and often involve rewards such as trophies, money, social recognition, or praise: intrinsic. Motivations that arise from within the individual, such as doing a complicated cross-word puzzle purely for the personal gratification of solving a problem. Extrinsic motivation: motivation to perform behavior/engage in an activity to earn a reward or avoid punishment, ex: studying because you want a good grade, operant conditioning. Operants are responses controlled by their consequences. Reinforcement is a consequence that increases the frequency. Such instincts might include biological instincts that are important for an organisms survival such as fear, cleanliness, and love: drives and needs. Many behaviors like eating, drinking, and sleeping are motivated by biology. Biological need for food, water, sleep, and therefore we are motivated to eat, drink, and sleep. Behaviors are motivated by the need to fulfill these drives.
