NTDT200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Oral Rehydration Therapy, Water Intoxication, Extracellular Fluid
5 May 2016
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Thirst and satiety: mouth, hypothalamus, and nerves sense changes. Thirst response lags behind the body"s need for water: dehydration symptoms (thirst, fatigue, exhaustion, death) Water intoxication (when water intoxication when you dilute hyponatremia) Symptoms: confusion, convulsions, and death: caused by drinking 10-20 liters within a few hours. Provides about one-third of total water intake in the united states. Metabolic water: condensation reactions, oxidation of energy-yielding nutrients. Obligatory water excretion each day as urine: minimum 500 ml to carry away waste. Ai for total water: two to three liters (8-12 cups) per day. Proper functioning of kidneys, heart, gi tract, and other systems. Minerals in water: hard and soft water. Salt water (sodium or potassium), hard water (high concentration of calcium and magnesium) Regulated by the kidneys: adjust urine volume and concentration. Stimulates kidneys to reabsorb water: released when hypothalamus stimulates pituitary gland, events trigger thirst, helps restore homeostasis. Enzyme released by kidney cells when blood pressure is low.
