ANT 2000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Shanidar Cave, Osteoarthritis, Border Cave

• School: University of Florida
• Department: Anthropology
• Course: ANT 2000
• Professor: Donald Berces

Document Summary

Evidence for biological evolution of humans consists of fossilized bone, genetic histories, and other data. Geological contexts of fossils and genetics data agree that the last common ancestor between chimpanzees and modern humans existed between 5 and 8 million years ago. Any species considered more closely related to humans than chimps we call hominins. First mammals appeared 200 million yrs ago. First primate-like mammals appeared 65 million yrs ago when dinosaurs went extinct and climate grew cooler. Ancestors of monkeys, apes, and humans (the anthropoids) branched off from a prosimian- ancestral line 50 million years ago. First ape-like primate (hominoids) appear 23 million years ago at the beginning of the. Cladogenesis- branching process that leads to 2 or more species. Anogenesis- the accumulation of significant biological changes to consider descendant populations to be a new species. Adaptive radiation involving populations in africa, europe, and asia. At 16 (cid:373)illio(cid:374) years ago, afri(cid:272)a (cid:862)do(cid:272)ked(cid:863) i(cid:374)to eurasia, e(cid:374)a(cid:271)li(cid:374)g (cid:272)rosso(cid:448)ers.