ANT 2000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Achieved Status, Ethnic Conflict, Melanin
10 Dec 2013
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Carolus linneaus, systema naturae (1735) = divided all humans into subspecies based on geographic location and classified all europeans as white, africans as black, american indians as red, and asians as yellow (groups = americanus, asiaticus, africanus, europeaeus) Robert blumenbach, on the natural variety of mankind (1778) = introduced a hierarchy of racial types still used today; used craniometry; came up with the term caucasian (caucasian/white, Mongolian/yellow, malayan/brown, ethiopian/black, american/red); he was also against slavery, however, and believed every race was capable of being civilized but had to be taught. Blumenbach"s research, however, was the foundation for scientific racism. Franz boas (1858-1942) = the father of american anthropology; developed the four-field research; argued anthropologists should fight for social causes, including the equality of mankind; incredibly influential on anthropology. Biological concept of race = race is defined as a subspecies or a population of a species differing geographically, morphologically, or genetically from other populations of the same species.
