APK 2105C Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Acetyl-Coa, Citrate Synthase, Oxidative Phosphorylation
23 May 2018
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Chapter 3, Part 6
Cell Metabolism
• Stages of glucose oxidation
o Glycolysis = splitting of sugar
▪ Yields lots of coenzymes which help with krebs
▪ Cytosol
▪ Glucose + 2NAD+ + 2ADP + 2Pi
→ 2 pyruvate + 2NADH + 2H+ +
2ATP
▪ Metabolic pathway of 10, enzyme
catalyzed rxns
▪ For each molecule of glucose (6
carbons)
• 2 pyruvate (3 carbons)
o Needed for next
step of glucose
oxidation
• 2 ATP are consumed
• 4 ATP are produced
o Net overall ATP = 2
• 2 NAD+ molecules are reduced to 2 NADH (actually has 2
hydrogen molecules attached to it)
o Coenzymes
▪ No oxygen used yet (anaerobic)
▪ No carbon dioxide produced
o Linking step (step 1.5 between glycolysis and
krebs)
▪ Function is to carve off one C atom from
the pyruvate molecules
▪ Occurs twice for each glucose molecule
(to work on each pyruvate)
▪ Attaches acetyl group
▪ Produces
• 2 CO2 (this step is where we first
start to see CO2 produced)
• 2 NADH + H+ (fuel for oxidative
phosphorylation)
• Acetyl CoA (2 carbon molecule)
o Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle or TCA cycle)
▪ Glucose → 2 pyruvate → 2 acetyl CoA (begin krebs) → each acetyl CoA
→ one full cycle
▪ Enzyme catalyzed metabolic pathway
• Citrate synthase is the first enzyme
▪ Looping metabolic pathway
▪ Coenzymes produce
• Lots of NADH + H+
• CO2
• FADH2
• For oxidative phosphorylation
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