BSC 2005 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Dna Replication, Meiosis, Club Foot

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sangriaarmadillo796

27 Feb 2018

School

University of Florida

Department

Biology - Biological Sciences

Course

BSC 2005

Professor

Nicole Gerlach

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Document Summary

Mitosis, normal cell division for growth and repair, produces two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the original cell. Meiosis: only for reproductive cells (gametes) or egg and sperm cells, produces four haploid daughter cells. Haploid vs. diploid: haploid cells have one set of chromosomes, diploid cells have two sets of chromosomes, haploid gametes fuse to form a diploid zygote. Meiosis 1: division 1: homologous chromosomes line up in the middle then separate into two new cells, the daughter cells contain one of each type of chromosome, which are made of joined sister chromatids. Meiosis ii: division ii- the chromosomes line up down the middle then separate into two new cells, results- 4 haploid daughter cells (gametes) Genetic diversity- independent assortment: each chromosome enters a daughter cell independent of other chromosomes, this produces unique combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes for each haploid gamete, for humans, 2^23= 8,388,608 types of gametes.

Related Questions

Match the terms to the definitions provided.

Question 1 options:

	gamete
	somatic cells
	zygote
	sexual reproduction

1.	Reproductive life cycle that involves an alternation between haploid and diploid cells
2.	A single cell with a diploid number of chromosomes resulting from the fusion of an egg and a sperm.
3.	Cells (egg or sperm) resulting from a meiotic division of germ-line cells
4.	The non-reproductive cells found in embryos and mature individuals

Question 2 (5 points)

Match the terms to the definitions provided.

Question 2 options:

	syngamy
	haploid
	meiosis
	diploid
	germ-line cells

1.	The cells that will eventually undergo meiosis to produce gametes.
2.	The number of chromosomes found in gametes (eggs or sperm).
3.	The process by which two haploid gametes fuse to form a new diploid cell.
4.	A specialized reduction division that produces cells with half the normal number of chromosomes.
5.	Two sets of chromosomes present in the somatic cells of adult individuals.

Meerkats are a diploid organisms with n=18.

For each of the following, indicate the total number of chromosomes, the number of pairs of homologous chromosomes and the number of pairs of sister chromatids. Indicate if the cell in question is diploid or haploid and if the daughter cell will be diploid or haploid.

A. A non-dividing skin cell

Total number of chromosomes:

Number of pairs of homologous chromosomes:

Number of pairs of sister chromatids:

Diploid or haploid?

B. A cell is prophase of meiosis I:

Total number of chromosomes:

Number of pairs of homologous chromosomes:

Number of pairs of sister chromatids:

Diploid or haploid?

Daughter cell diploid or haploid?

C. Cell in metaphase meiosis II:

Total number of chromosomes:

Number of pairs of homologous chromosomes:

Number of pairs of sister chromatids:

Diploid or haploid?

Daughter cell diploid or haploid?

D. A mature sperm cell:

Total number of chromosomes:

Number of pairs of homologous chromosomes:

Number of pairs of sister chromatids:

Diploid or haploid?

salmongerbil352

Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about chromosomes?

Prokaryotes have a singel, circular chromosome

Eukaryotes have multiple, linear chromosomes.

Human cells normally 23 pairs of chromosomes.

Eukaryote chromosomes are composed of only DNA

Which of the following is NOT TRUE about reproduction?

Eukaryotes life cycles include a haploid and diploid phase.

Prokaryotes reproduce asexually.

Eukaryotes can propagate by asexual or sexual reproduction.

Prokaryotes typically reproduce slower than eukaryotes.

Which of the folllowing animal cells is most likely haploid?

nerve cell

muscle cell

sperm cell

liver cell

When human gametes fuse, they form a _____.

		Haploid egg
		Diploid zygote
		Haploid zygote
		Triploid egg

BSC 2005 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Dna Replication, Meiosis, Club Foot

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