GEOL 1330 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Thrust Fault, Graben, San Andreas Fault

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Domes can form when an igneous body uplifts the surface. Fractures or joints are cracks in rocks with no displacement (movement of rock) Faults are cracks where displacement takes place. Movement along faults is what causes earthquakes. The hanging wall is above the fault. The foot wall is below the fault. Normal faults occur when plates diverge (tensional stress) Hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall. Normal faults are associated with horst and graben structures (basin and mountain range) This is how the basin and range province of nevada formed. In a reverse fault, the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall. Usually has a steep angle, greater than 45 . A thrust fault is a low angle reverse fault. The largest ones that cut through the crust between plates are called transform faults. Produce some of the most destructive earthquakes. San andreas fault is a strike-slip fault.

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