PSYC 2350 Lecture 4: Lecture 4 & 5
6 Dec 2016
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Document Summary
Four stages: (know these stages with ages as well) sensorimotor, proportional, concrete operational, formal operational: sensorimotor (0-2): infants" activities center on their own bodies, early goals are concrete; later goals often are more abstract. Infants become increasingly able to form mental representations. Deferred imitation appears at the last half of the stage intelligence grows rapidly in first years: pre operational (2-7): toddlers and preschoolers begin to represent experiences in language and mental imagery. A notable acquisition in symbolic representation, the use of one object to stand for another, which makes a variety of new behaviors possible. One major limitation is egocentrism, the tendency to perceive the world sole from one"s own point of view. Children below age 12 usually perform unsystematic experiments and draw incorrect conclusions: formal operations (12+): cognitive development culminate in the ability to think abstractly and to reason hypothetically. Individuals can imagine alternative worlds and reason systematically about all possible outcomes of a situation.
