BIOL 1301 Lecture Notes - Lecture 35: Transfer Rna, Arginine, Lysine

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16 Aug 2018

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How information in dna is transcribed into protein. The normal karyotype and some abnormal karyotypes. Genes are the hereditary factors that cause the phenotypes and traits. Proteins known as the key components of body 20 amino acids known. Dna known to consist of 4 nucleotides but structures are unknown. Thymine (replaced with uracil in rna which is only different to thymine by a methyl group) How are genes copied from cell to cell, and parent to offspring? . How can mutation occur to permit evolution? (in order for tdings to cdange tdeir pdysical nature and to evolve, we need mutation) How do tdey encode information to proteins for making an organism? . Dna has 4 nucelotides: too simple to encode proteins. Proteins contain 20 amino acids and make diverse and complex materials: hair, skin, enzymes etc. Watson and crick discovered the physical structure (double helix) and chemical composition of dna. Amount of a = amount of t.

Related Questions

1. Unlike DNA, RNA contains

deoxyribose

a double strand

phosphates

uracil

Nucleic acid structure

2. In transcription, uracil will bond with:

thymine

cytosine

adenine

guanine

Transcription

3. The first team of scientist to document the structure of DNA was:

Franklin and Wilkins

Watson and Crick

Pauling and Chargoff

None of the above

DNA structure

4. Organelles that synthesize protein are:

lysosomes

ribosomes

endoplasmic reticulum

golgi bodies

5. Most of the time in a cell's life, it's DNA is in the form of:

Chromatin

Chromatids

Replicated chromosomes

Spindle fibers

6. Uracil is a nitrogen base that pairs with adenine. Using this information, one could conclude that uracil is a:

Purine

Pyrimidine

Neither a purine or pyrimidine

Not enough information

7. a nucleotide does not consist of a:

polymerase

5-carbon sugar

phosphate group

nitrogen base

8. The genetic code in DNA of an individual depends on the sequence (order) of:

nucleotides

purines only

phosphates

sugars

9. Before a cell divides, it must duplicate its DNA in a process known as:

translation

transformation

transcription

replication

10. The basic unit (building block) of a protein is a (an):

carbohydrate

amino acid

lipid

hydrogen bond

11. Unlike DNA, RNA contains:

deoxyribose

a double strand

phosphates

uracil

12. The structure of DNA was first documented in:

1945

1953

1956

1962

13. In DNA replication, the new molecules produced are:

of unequal length

both assembled in the same direction

built with purines as the backbone

assembled in opposite directions

DNA replication

14. The "backbone" of DNA is composed of:

ribose and phosphates

deoxyribose and phosphates

ribose and uracil

deoxyribose and thymine

DNA structure

15. RNA differs from DNA in which of the following ways?

RNA is single-stranded

RNA contains ribose

RNA does not contain thymine

All of the above

DNA structure

16. Which of the following is NOT required for the transcription process itself?

RNA polymerase

DNA

uracil-containing nucleotides

ribosomes

skyhamster121

Nitrogen and phosphorus are in the same column of the periodic table. They have similar properties in bonding with other molecules because they have the same number of:

We cannot answer this question definitively because there is not enough information.

What I choose are wrong.

Question 4

Using the terms provided, complete the statements below. Some terms may apply more than once, while others may not apply at all. (15 points)

Guanine

histone

Double helix

Adenine

conservative

cytosine

Okazaki fragments

Thymine

introns

Leading strand

RNA polymerase

5-prime to 3-prime

Uracil

chromatin

DNA ligase

Semi-conservative

promoter

Lagging strand

DNA polymerase

nucleosomes

Electron transport chain

enhancer

Watson and Crick determined that DNA exists in the form of a _______________, where two antiparallel chains of nucleotides wind around each other. The nitrogenous bases project to the interior where they hydrogen bond in specific pairs, ___________ with __________ and _____________ with ____________.Meselson and Stahl demonstrated that DNA is replicated by the _______________ model in which the parent molecule unwinds and each strand serves as a template for synthesis of a new strand. Synthesis of DNA is carried out by _________________, which builds the new strands in the ___________ direction. While the ______________ grows continuously; the _______________ is built in short sections called _________________, which will eventually be joined together by __________________. Eukaryotic __________________ is composed of DNA and _____________ proteins that bind together forming ________________________, the basic units of DNA packaging.

Question 5

In the table below, predict (yes or no) whether or not the E. coli lac operon will be transcriptionally active in the presence or absence of glucose or lactose as indicated and respond to questions "a" and "b."

Lactose	Glucose	Lac expression?
No	Yes
Yes	Yes
Yes	No

Explain each of your answers in terms of the molecular mechanisms that are known to underlie the regulation of the lac operon. Which mechanism is considered to be negative control and which is considered to be positive control? Explain.

Question 6

Use the genetic code table in your textbook to aid you in answering the questions below. (15 points)

a.) Use the genetic code table to deduce the amino acid sequence of a protein encoded by the mRNA shown here:

5âAUGAUUGGAGGUUUGAUCGGGCAAUAGGGGUUUCAGUAAAUG3â

b.) Explain how the above sequence in "a" illustrates that redundancy of the genetic code.

c.) Explain what would happen if a mutational event caused the underlined "G" to be changed to a "U"? What is the name for this kind of mutation?

plumgoat220

BIOL 1301 Lecture Notes - Lecture 35: Transfer Rna, Arginine, Lysine

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