PSYC 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Jean Piaget, Preterm Birth, Prenatal Development
13 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
The study of how behavior changes over the life span. 3 principles of causality: relationship a must be related to b, temporal precedence a must come before b, rule out alternate causes b might be caused by c or d instead of a. Several challenges arise when examining human development: post hoc fallacy. Logical error - assume that a causes b, because b came after a: bidirectional influences. A and b are both causing each other. Measuring development: cross-sectional studies examine something at a single point in time, like taking a snap-shot. Cons: differences in age group could be because we"re looking at different people (cohort effect: longitudinal studies examine something over period of time, like taking a movie. Pros: we know that changes are due to the development of the individual. Cons: takes a long time and people are hard to track or may drop out (attrition)
