PSYC 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Design Of Experiments, Nocebo, Blind Experiment
20 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
Six principle of scientific theory: ruling out rival hypotheses, correlation vs causation, falsifiability, replicability, extraordinary claims, occam"s razor. Hypothesis: specific, falsifiable, make an educated guess, builds on theory. Theory: an organizing framework, based on many studies that show evidence. Heuristic mental shortcut that helps us to streamline our thinking and making sense of the world. Representative heuristic deciding whether a member belongs to a group on the basis of how similar it is to other members of a prototype. Naturalistic observation observe behavior without interfering. Case study intensive examinations of behavior or mental processes of a individuals. Always use to study rare or unusual phenomena. Can offer insights for later systemic testing. Person can provide subtle information regarding his or her emotional sates that others may not know. Correlational study examines how variables are naturally related in the real world, without any attempt by the researcher to alter them. 2 parts: sign (+, -, magnitude (range from -1 to 1)
