BIOLOGY 172 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Stem-Loop, Spliceosome, Pyrophosphate
Document Summary
Rna polymerase unwinds dna and adds nucleotides. Only one dna strand is the template for base-pairing between dna & Direction of synthesis is 5" to 3" (just like all polymerases) New nucleotides come in as nucleotide triphosphates. 3" oh side of the growing strand uses the high energy in the phosphate bonds to drive the reaction. Rna polymerase stops adding (rntps) and rna chain is released. Often triggered by formation of rna hairpin loop. Only make rna thats long enough to code the gene, not longer. Addition of poly a tail to 3" end (adds extra nucleic acid, so it"s fine if it gets lost or damaged) Rna is spliced - introns are removed and exons are spliced back together. How primary structure of a protein gets made. Mrna - specifies the sequence of amino acids. Trna - links nucleic acid info to amino acid. Genetic code - relationship between nucleotide sequence and amino acid sequence.
