BIOLOGY 305 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Gamete, Microtubule, Sister Chromatids
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Document Summary
Polyploidy is when you have an extra sets of chromosomes. There are organisms where one sex is haploid in a diploid species. It means you have an extra/missing of one chromosome from a set. So for us, it would be as if we had 47 or 45 chromosomes. Trisomic is when you have an extra chromosome. Monosomic is when you have one fewer chromosome. Most often it is due to a failure of one or more chromosomes to separate in meiosis, most often in meiosis 1 and sometimes in meiosis 2. During meiosis, you should have bivalents lining up during metaphase 1. Nondisjuction means failure to separate homologs in the proper manner. It means both dyads go to one cell and the other cell doesn"t get any. When meiosis 2 happens, you"ll get two daughter cells that have an extra chromosome. In meiosis 2 if it happens, meiosis 1 is normal.
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