ECON 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Demand Curve, Economic Surplus, Autarky

The demand for computers in a certain country is given by D = 20000 – 300P; where P is the price of a computer. Supply by domestic computers producers is S = 10000 + 100P.

(a) Assuming that the economy is closed, find the equilibrium price and production quantity of computers.

(b) The economy opens to trade. The world price of a computer is $20. Find the domestic quantities demanded and supplied and the quantity of imports or exports. Who will support the opening of the computer market to trade and who will oppose it?

(c) The government imposes a tariff of $1 per computer. Find the effects on domestic quantities demanded and supplied and on the quantity of imports or exports. Also find the tariff revenue collected by government. Who will support the imposition of tariff and who will oppose it?

(d) Suppose the government imposes an import quota of 1600 computers. Find the equilibrium price in the domestic computer market, as well as the quantities produced by domestic firms and purchased by domestic consumers.

Which of the following is TRUE regarding international trade?

Select one:

a. Typically, it is belived that when countries trade with one another, ther eare gains in production efficiency.

b. All of these are correct

c. Freedom to trade internationally adds to the consumers' choices available for purhcase

d. Countries often hope that international trade will help raise the standard of living for their citizens

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Which of the following is TRUE regarding why countries trade with one another?

Select one:

a. Countries trade so that they can get products and services that they are not as efficient in making as other countries.

b. Countries often hope that international trade will help their economy grow

c. All of these are correct

d. Countries trade because not all nations have the same resources.

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Revenue tariffs are levied to

Select one:

a. lower exports.

b. protect domestic producers.

c. increase imports.

d. raise money.

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Tariffs and quotas can have all of the following effects EXCEPT

Select one:

a. protecting domestic industry.

b. reducing trade deficits.

c. increasing prices consumers pay for goods.

d. promoting third-world development.

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The United States trade deficit causes

Select one:

a. the value of the dollar to fall in foreign exchange markets.

b. immediate worldwide recessions.

c. increased employment opportunities for all Americans.

d. the value of the dollar to strengthen in foreign exchange markets.

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Which of the following is true regarding the relationship of international trade and competition?

Select one:

a. International competition, like competition in general, can have effects on the price levels of goods.

b. When countries trade with one another, there is often increased competition among firms offering the same good or service.

c. All of these are correct.

d. When tariffs increase, domestic producers usually have fewer international competitors.

PLEASE EXPLAIN ANSWER: I give best asnwer at the end of the time limit!!!

The more certain private property rights are,

a. A. the less people need to invest in education or human capital development.

b. tB. The less entrepreneurship there will be.

c. C/ the more capital accumulation there will be.

D/ d. the more an economy must grow to maintain a certain living standard.

In general, who will benefit as the result of a tariff?

Domestic Producers
Domestic Consumers
The domestic government

a. I only

b. II only

c. both I and III

d. both II and III

e. All of these are correct

In the long run, imports will most likely be paid for with:

a. a. Aexports.

b. tB. The sale of real and financial assets.

c. C/ the extension of credit.

d. D. higher domestic unemployment.

The World Trade Organization is a successor organization to the

a. A.United Nations.

b. B.World Bank.

c. C.International Court of Justice.

d. D.GATT.

A new industry develops, and our government wants to protect it from foreign competition. Which one of the following arguments would appropriately describe this type of protection?

A. ANational security

B. BCartelization

C. CInfant industry

D. DProtecting American jobs

If equilibrium price falls and the equilibrium quantity of the good purchased decreases, what has happened to either the supply curve or to the demand curve?

a. ADemand decreased.

b. Supply increased.

c. CSupply decreased.

d. DDemand increased.

Suppose there is a simultaneous increase in the demand for diamonds and increase in the supply of diamonds. Which of the following will occur as a result of these simultaneous events?

a. B/Both the market clearing price and equilibrium quantity will rise.

b. A.The market clearing price will fall, but the equilibrium quantity may rise, fall, or stay the same.

c. C.The market clearing price may rise, fall, or stay the same, but the equilibrium quantity will increase.

d. F.The market clearing price will fall, but the equilibrium quantity will rise.

Price Q_d Q_s

$2 5,000 1,000
$4 4,000 2,000
$6 3,000 3,000
$8 2,000 4,000
$10 1,000 5,000

Consider the above table. Assuming the government imposes a price floor on garbanzo beans of $8, what would be the likely result?

a. A/ no change, equilibrium would prevail

b. B.The quantity demanded of garbanzo beans would fall to zero.

c. C. shortage of 2000 garbanzo beans

d. D/ surplus of 2000 garbanzo beans