INTLSTD 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Palermo Protocols, Transnational Organized Crime, Penal Transportation
8 Sep 2016
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Document Summary
Rapid increase in smuggling across international borders. Multimillion dollar activity with a global scope. An estimated 800,000 people are smuggled across borders annually, with little known about conditions via transit, or upon arrival. The people smuggled include political refugees, people fleeing violence (of many kinds), and economic migrants who want a better life. Increasingly being controlled by transnational organized crime syndicates. The things made known to us give ample cause for human rights concerns. Articles describing cases of migrants drowning in unsafe vessels, suffocating to death in overcrowded truck compartments and ships, or victimized for revealing info about smuggling gangs. Many find themselves locked in cycles of violence, exploitation, and abuse upon arrival. These situations go unreported because of fear of arrest/deportation, and retribution by a smuggling gang. Since 1965 the number of international migrants has doubled to 175 million. Causes: prospects of a better life abroad, poverty, economic marginilization, political and social unrest.
